Meniscus
The meniscus, also known as a fibrocartilaginous disc, is a C-shaped piece of cartilage found in certain joints, including the knee joint of dogs. The meniscus serves several essential functions, including:
- Shock Absorption: The meniscus acts as a cushion between the bones of the joint, absorbing shock and distributing forces generated during movement.
- Joint Stability: It helps stabilize the joint by enhancing the fit between the bones, thereby reducing the risk of dislocation or subluxation.
- Load Transmission: The meniscus facilitates smooth movement of the joint by distributing the weight-bearing forces evenly across the joint surface.
In dogs, the knee joint (stifle joint) contains two menisci: the medial meniscus and the lateral meniscus. These menisci are located between the femur (thigh bone) and the tibia (shin bone) and help provide stability and support to the joint during activities such as running, jumping, and walking.
Injuries to the meniscus, such as tears or degenerative changes, can occur due to trauma, repetitive stress, or underlying joint conditions. Meniscal injuries in dogs can cause pain, lameness, and reduced mobility. Treatment options for meniscal injuries may include conservative management with rest and anti-inflammatory medication, as well as surgical interventions such as meniscectomy (removal of damaged portion) or meniscal repair to restore joint function and alleviate pain.